Excessive iron inhibits insulin secretion via perturbing transcriptional regulation of SYT7 by OGG1.

Although iron overload is closely related to the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the specific mechanism is unclear. Here, we found that excessive iron inhibited the secretion of insulin (INS) and impaired islet ß cell function through downregulating Synaptotagmin 7 (SYT7) in iron overload model in vivo and in vitro. Our results further demonstrated that 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), a key protein in the DNA base excision repair, was an upstream regulator of SYT7. Interestingly, such regulation could be suppressed by excessive iron. Ogg1-null mice, iron overload mice and db/db mice exhibit reduced INS secretion, weakened ß cell function and subsequently impaired glucose tolerance. Notably, SYT7 overexpression could rescue these phenotypes. Our data revealed an intrinsic mechanism by which excessive iron inhibits INS secretion through perturbing the transcriptional regulation of SYT7 by OGG1, which suggested that SYT7 was a potential target in clinical therapy for T2DM.

Current Scenario in Structure and Ligand-Based Drug Design on Anti-colon Cancer Drugs.

Worldwide, colorectal cancer takes up the third position in commonly detected cancer and fourth in cancer mortality. Recent progress in molecular modeling studies has led to significant success in drug discovery using structure and ligand-based methods. This study highlights aspects of the anticancer drug design. The structure and ligand-based drug design are discussed to investigate the molecular and quantum mechanics in anti-cancer drugs. Recent advances in anticancer agent identification driven by structural and molecular insights are presented. As a result, the recent advances in the field and the current scenario in drug designing of cancer drugs are discussed. This review provides information on how cancer drugs were formulated and identified using computational power by the drug discovery society.

Adversity, Adaptive Calibration, and Health: The Case of Disadvantaged Families.

Epidemiologists and medical researchers often employ an allostatic load model that focuses on environmental and lifestyle factors, together with biological vulnerabilities, to explain the deterioration of human physiological systems and chronic degenerative disease. Although this perspective has informed medicine and public health, it is agnostic toward the functional significance of pathophysiology and health deterioration. Drawing on Life History (LH) theory, the current paper reviews the literature on disadvantaged families to serve as a conceptual model of stress-health relationships in which the allocation of reproductive effort is instantiated in the LH strategies of individuals and reflects the bioenergetic and material resource tradeoffs. We propose that researchers interested in health disparities reframe chronic degenerative diseases as outcomes resulting from strategic calibration of physiological systems to best adapt, survive, and reproduce in response to demands of specific developmental contexts. These effects of adversity on later-age degenerative disease are mediated, in part, by socioemotional and cognitive mechanisms expressed in different life history strategies.

Prevalencia de la enfermedad de alzheimer entre las entidades neurológicas atendidas en fisioterapia / Prevalence of alzheimer's diseae in the neurological diseases served in physical therapy

El envejecimiento de la población y probables factores ligados a sus estilos de vida parecen ser de-terminantes en la presentación de la Enfermedad de Alzheimer que viene teniendo una tenden-cia de crecimiento en la frecuencia de ocurrencia en la población que resulta afectada no solo en sus desempeños cognitivos sino en condiciones de movimiento que conjuntamente van a limitar la calidad de vida de las personas afectadas por la entidad. Objetivo. Conocer la prevalencia de la enfermedad de Alzheimer entre las entidades neurológicas atendidas en Fisioterapia. Método. Se desarrolló un estudio transversal con los pacientes mayores de 15 años atendidos por causa de afecciones neurológicas en los servicios de Fisioterapia donde se daban Practicas del Programa de Fisioterapia de la Universidad Manuela Beltrán entre febrero y noviembre de 2012, calculando la prevalencia y ocurrencia de la enfermedad de Alzheimer por género. Resultados. Durante el periodo de tiempo del estudio se atendieron un total 1062 personas a causa de enfermedades neurológicas, 19.67% de estas personas registraron como motivo de remisión a Fisioterapia la En-fermedad de Alzheimer (n=209, Error Estándar=0.02), correspondiendo un 77.51% de las personas con esta patología al genero femenino (n=162, Error Estándar=0.01) Conclusiones La enfermedad de Alzheimer tiene una prevalencia importante dentro de las entidades neurológicas, y muestra un predominio en su presentación en las mujeres

The aging of the population and probable factors related to their lifestyles seem to be decisive in the presentation of Alzheimer's disease that has taken an upward trend in the frequency of occurrence in the population that is affected not only in their cognitive performance but able to move that joint will limit the quality of life of people affected by the entity Objective To know the prevalence of Alzheimer disease between the neurological diseases served in the Physical Therapy Services Methodology developed a cross-sectional study of patients older than 15 years treated because of neurological physiotherapy services in which they practiced the Physiothera-py Program Manuela Beltran University between February and November 2012, calculating the prevalence and occurrence of Alzheimer's disease by gender Results During the study period a total 1062 were met people because of neurological diseases, 19.67% of these people recorded as a reason for referral to Physical Therapy Alzheimer's Disease (n = 209, Standard Error = 0.02), corresponding 77.51% of people with this condition the female gender (n = 162, Standard Error = 0.01) Conclusions the disease Alzheimer's is a significant prevalence in neurological entities, and is predominantly in its presentation in women.

Education for type 2 diabetes mellitus self-care: from compliance to empowerment: [review] / A educação para o autocuidado no diabetes mellitus tipo 2: da adesão ao "empoderamento": [revisão] / La educación para el auto-cuidado en la diabetes "mellitus" tipo 2: de la adhesión al "empoderamento": [revision]

Through a critical review of the literature on education for diabetes self-care and self-management, it was sought to point out the inappropriateness of traditional approaches towards compliance with treatment and transmission of information, considering the complexity of self-care under chronic conditions. The influence of the social sciences on the field of studies on chronic degenerative diseases in general, and diabetes in particular, was explored. From this perspective, it can be recognized that the fields of anthropology and sociology have been incorporated into research focusing more on individuals as patients, and on the experience gained through this process. Recently, there has been a slight change within the field of health education research relating to diabetes, with the introduction of strategies that seek to value the experience and autonomy of patients as self-care agents. This paper discusses the strategy for empowerment in education for diabetes self-care and self-management, as a dialogue-focused practice that respects patients' moral and cognitive autonomy.

Em revisão crítica da literatura sobre a educação para o autocuidado e autocontrole no diabetes, procura-se apontar a inadequação das abordagens tradicionais da aderência ao tratamento e da transmissão de informações frente à complexidade do autocuidado em condições de cronicidade. Explora-se a influência das Ciências Sociais sobre o campo de estudo das doenças crônico-degenerativas, em geral, e do diabetes, em particular. Nesta perspectiva, pode-se reconhecer uma incorporação dos campos disciplinares da Antropologia e Sociologia em pesquisas mais orientadas para o indivíduo, em sua condição de portador, e a experiência que desenvolve nesse processo. Há certa inflexão, mais recente, no campo de pesquisas em educação em saúde no diabetes, com a introdução de estratégias que buscam valorizar a experiência e a autonomia dos pacientes como sujeitos de seu cuidado. Neste artigo, discute-se a estratégia do "empoderamento" na educação para o autocuidado e autocontrole no diabetes, como uma modalidade de prática de natureza mais dialógica e de maior respeito à autonomia moral e cognitiva do portador.

En revisión crítica de la literatura sobre la educación para el auto-cuidado y auto-control en la diabetes, se trata de apuntar la inadecuación de los planteamientos tradicionales de adherencia al tratamiento y de la transmisión de informaciones ante la complejidad del auto-cuidado en condiciones de cronicidad. Se explora la influencia de las Ciencias Sociales sobre el campo de estudio de las enfermedades crónico-degenerativas en general y de la diabetes en particular. En tal perspectiva se puede reconocer una incorporación de los campos disciplinarios de la Antropología y Sociología en pesquisas más orientadas hacia el individuo en su condición de portador y la experiencia que desarrolla en este proceso. Hay cierta inflexión más reciente en el campo de pesquisas en educación en salud en la diabetes con la introducción de estrategias que tratan de valorizar la experiencia y la autonomía de los pacientes como sujetos de su cuidado. En este artículo se discute la estrategia del "empoderamento" en la educación para el auto-cuidado y auto-control en la diabetes, como una modalidad de práctica de naturaleza más dialógica y de mayor respeto a la autonomía moral y cognitiva del portador.

Comparative Analysis and Evaluation of Health and Nutritional Status of Male Industrial Workers in Korea

This study was carried out to collect information to establish a framework for meal management and nutritional service for prevention of chronic degenerative disease in the industrial workers. We investigated the health concerned life-style, nutrient intakes, anthropometry and biochemical parameters in the male workers in Korea by work condition. Anthropometric parameters of height, weight, waist, hip and triceps skinfold thickness were measured and biochemical parameters including Urine pH, hemoglobin, blood glucose, total cholesterol, GOT, GPT, gamma-GPT and blood pressure were determined for 101 subjects(50 office workers : 33.9yr, 51 laborers : 34.4yr). To assess the nutrient intakes and diet quality of workers, dietary intake was measured by one day 24-hour recall method. Result of anthropometric parameters of height(p<0.01), weight(p<0.05), hip(p<0.05), TSF(p<0.01) were significantly higher in office workers than in laborers. Biochemical parameters were not significantly difference in both of them. Average daily nutrient intakes of both groups was higher than the Korean RDA and report on 2001 National Health & Nutrition Survey. The calcium(p<0.01), iron(p<0.05), vitamin A(p<0.01), vitamin B1(p<0.01) and niacin(p<0.05) intakes in laborers were significantly higher than in office workers. Nutrition adequacy ratio(NAR), mean adequacy ratio(MAR) and index of nutritional quality(INQ) of laborers were higher than those of office workers. This results indicated that the onset possibility of chronic degenerative disease appeared higher in office workers. Therefore, meal menagement and nutritional service for prevention of chronic degenerative disease of industrial works needs to be more variant guidelines.

The Effect of Individualized Nutritional Education on Adults having two or more Symptoms of Chronic Degenerative Disease / 대한지역사회영양학회지

This study was intended to evaluate the overall effects of nutritional education on adults having two or more symptoms of chronic degenerative disease. A nine week nutritional education program was provided for 65 adults with chronic diseases. We assessed the changes in dietary knowledge, eating behavior and socio-psychological factors. When we evaluated the nutrient intakes of the subjects, their energy intake was 79.4% of the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA). Their dietary intake of other nutrients was also below the RDA level except for Vitamin C. Their knowledge of dietary therapy was slightly improved after the implementing of nutritional education. The dietary behavior of 'night snacks before sleep' was significantly improved. While the overall fear due to disease was significantly increased, self-efficacy was not improved. Self-efficacy for eating "three regular meals" and "choosing fruit, vegetable and grain" were significantly decreased. Family support for "buying food which is good for my health" was also significantly increased, whereas "advises me to eat appropriate foods for health" was decreased. Biochemical analysis indicated that blood levels of triglyceride, cholesterol and blood pressure improved after nutrition education. Therefore, we concluded that nutritional education program for people with chronic degenerative diseases could change the diet therapy knowledge, dietary behavior, and the fear due to disease, support from family and behavior intention toward the direction to improve the chronic disease condition. However, it did not improve self-efficacy. Our study also indicated that nutritional education strategies to improve self-efficacy should be an important aspect in a long term education plan for patients to establish desirable eating habits.

Health and Nutritional Status of Industrial Workers / 대한지역사회영양학회지

The study was curried out to collect information to establish a framework for nutrition education for the prevention of chronic degenerative disease. We analyzed differences in diet quality, food habits and health status of workers by work condition. Anthrometric parameters of height, weight and body fat were measured and biochemical parameters including glucose, total cholesterol, GOT, GPT and hemoglobin were determinded for 194 subjects. To assess the nutrient intake and diet quality of workers, dietary intake was measured by the day 24-hour recall method, Average daily nutrient intake, except for phos-phorous and vitamin C was lower than Korean RDA. The obesity related behavior score was significantly better in laborers than in office workers, while chronic degenerative diseases related to food habit score was significantly better in laborers than in office workers, while chronic degenerative diseases related to the food habit score was beet in offices workers than in laborers. Blood pressure, blood glucose levels were significantly higher in laborer than in office workers. Dietary variety score (DVS) food composition group score(FCGS), mean adequacy ratio(MAR) of office worker were better than those of labor workers. When diet quality was evaluated by FCGS(food composition group score) 16.0% of the subjects acquired 5 points and 14.4% of the subjects acquired 2 points. MAR and INQ showed a significantly positive correlation with DVS and FCGS . This results indicated that the onset possibility of hypertension and diabetes mellitus among chronic degenerative disease was higher in laborers than in office workers, while the onset possibility of obesity was higher in office workers than in laborers. In conclusion the overall diet quality of office workers is betters than that of laborers, therefore, nutrition education for prevention of chronic degenerative disease of industrial workers needs to be more focused on the improvement of the health status of laborers.